Network communication Technologies

Network communication Technologies 

Ethernet
Ethernet is a LAN Technology. It depends on bus topology but it can be wired in Star topology it is the most popular local area network because it is expensive and easy to install and manage. Ethernet network normally uses cable to transmit data. It works best for small size networks recent recent standard of ethernet called fast Ethernet it has data transfer rate of 100 MBPS which is 10 times faster than the old Ethernet.


CSMA/CD
It stands for careers sense multiple access collision detection it is the most common media access method for local area networks it is the Mac protocol used in Ethernet local area networks it is actually works in the following manner.
1. Each node monitor the medium to see whether a message is being transmitted or not?
2. Any node can Begin a transmission if no message is detected.

The act of listening to the medium for a message is called carrier sensing. A carrier signal is present when a message is being transmitted. Several hours can have message to send each of them main detect a quite medium and it may begin to transmit at one time. The ability of several notes to access a medium that is not carrying a message is called multiple access. A collision occurs if two or more not begin to transmit at the same time. Multiple simultaneous transformations causes the message to interfere with each other that is why collagen was protected and recover sending nodes must send their message again if a collision is detected. Is not waits for a random interval before attempting to retransmit it reduces the chances of another collision. This protocol is also called listen before talk protocol and it is a broadcast protocol. All workstations on the network listen to the medium and accept the message. Each message has a destination address the workstation having the destination address skin use the message the use of a broadcast technique make it easy to add and remove workstations from the network.

Token ring

It is also a local area network technology that allows network devices to access the network by passing a special signal call token. Token is like a ticket. What device can transmit data over the network only if it has a token. I want token is available in one network that is why no collision can occur but the data transmission rate is slow when a computer wants to send a message it gets the token, put the data in the token and as the address of receiving computer.
Token ring is based on ring topology e but can also be used in Star topology. E the token passes from computer to computer and the computer foods address matches with the address stored in the token get the data. It then returns the message to the sending computer to indicate that the data has been received.

TCP/IP

It stands for transmission control protocol and internet protocol. Technology that is used to manage the transmission of data by breaking it into packets. Used in internet transmissions.s is divided into small pieces called packets when a computer send data over the internet. Packet contain the data and the destination centre and the sequence information used to resemble the data at the destination. These packets Travels via devices called routers this process is known as packet switching.

Bluetooth

It is also a network standard and protocol that defines the method for transmission of data between two bluetooth devices using short range radio waves. Can transfer data @ upto 3 MBPS using Bluetooth. Distance of 30 feet. The distance can be extended using additional equipments. Device used a small chip to communicate with other bluetooth devices. Bluetooth enabled devices available like desktop computers, no croma smartphones printers. Port adaptor can be used to convert in existing USB port into Bluetooth port. most updating system have built-in support for bluetooth.

Wi-Fi

Which is the popular networking technology that uses radio waves to provide high speed wireless connection. 5G network based on 802.11 network standards.s the standard specify how to wireless devices communicate with each other using air. Wi-Fi is also ethernet because it uses similar technique as Ethernet standard to specify the wireless network configuration. Wi-Fi network in integrated with Ethernet networks. more smartphones are Wi-Fi example off Wi-Fi are hot spot hotspot can be used by mobile users to connect to the internet using Wi-Fi devices. Wi-Fi used to connect computers wirelessly at home and small business. that 2015 computer that devices can be up to 300 feet in open areas and about 100 feet in closed area.s